Common Nail
Nails & Construction Fasteners · common wire nail · box common nail · sinker
Definition: A common nail is the general-purpose wire nail — a thick shank with a flat head, used for rough framing and construction where strength matters more than finish.
Anatomy & Schematic
■ Head■ Shank■ Point
Governing standards: ASTM F1667
Common Sizes
| Inch | Metric | Head width | Head height |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6d · 2 in | — | 17/64 | — |
| 8d · 2-1/2 in | — | 9/32 | — |
| 16d · 3-1/2 in | — | 11/32 | — |
Representative sizes. Full dimensional data lives in the standards listed below.
Grades & Strength
| Grade | Material | Tensile (psi) | Marking |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bright (plain) | low carbon steel | — | Interior, dry use |
| Galvanized | zinc-coated steel | — | Exterior, treated lumber |
| Stainless | 304/316 stainless | — | Coastal, cedar, redwood |
Materials
- Steel (bright)
- Galvanized steel
- Stainless steel
Pros & Cons
Pros
- Strong — thick shank resists bending
- Cheap in bulk
- Readily available
Cons
- Splits thin or hard wood
- Visible head
- Rusts outdoors unless coated
Typical Uses
- Framing
- Sheathing
- General rough construction
- Crates and pallets
Alternatives & Related
- Box Nail — Thinner shank that splits less
- Framing Nail — Collated nails for a nail gun
- Ring Shank Nail — Higher pull-out resistance
Where to Buy
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FAQ
What is a common nail used for?
Rough framing and general construction where holding power matters more than appearance — studs, sheathing, crates, and pallets.
What does the penny size mean?
The "d" (penny) size dates from an old English price per hundred nails. Today it denotes length: 8d is 2-1/2 in, 16d is 3-1/2 in.